
Light on The Vegetarian Question |
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In one Satsang I was asked the following question: Throughout evolution man was a hunter-gatherer. |
I replied: By the tone of your question, I can tell immediately that you are already fixed in your stance as a meat-eater, so whatever I say is likely to fall on deaf ears. I have the impression that you are not seeking an understanding, but simply issuing a challenge. However, fortunately I do happen to have with me a few details on this subject, extracted from newspaper and magazine articles, which I would like to read to you. Also, I don’t recall the exact figures, but I understand that it takes something like ten times the amount of land to feed one meat-eater, with all the fodder and grain that has to be produced for cattle; and it needs something like ten pounds of fodder to produce one pound of steak. So, to begin with, land usage for meat production is uneconomical. If the ten times of land used for cattle-food was given over to cereals and vegetables, the same amount of grain and plant food could feed thousands of people. With a vegetarian economy there is no need for anyone to starve on this planet. An article in the New York Times says: “Meat production has increased by 500 percent since 1950, according to World Watch Institute. And an estimated 54 percent of the nation’s livestock is crowded into 5 percent of livestock farms, reports the American Public Health Association, an advocacy organization of public health officials. As a result, industrial agriculture ‘is inflicting more suffering on more animals than at any time in history.’ Combined with the use of pesticides, and contamination of fodder, this creates a cocktail of dangerous substances in the body. After bearing a calf, a cow will naturally yield about seven litres of milk a day. But in factory farming she is forced to give thirty litres or more. I have seen some cows with hugely swollen and painful udders, dragging along virtually at ground level, scratched by thistles and undergrowth and bumping on stones. A normal cow having a natural life in the fields can live up to forty years. But dairy cows are worn out after only six years and get slaughtered and minced up for burgers. Reports state that many of America’s small slaughterhouses have been replaced by large high-speed facilities, and we can say the same for most countries. The Food and Watch Association reports that processing speeds ‘can be as high as 390 cows and 1,106 pigs per hour, and 25 chickens per minute.’ According to the Humane Farming Association: “If line-workers fail to keep up with those speeds, they risk being disciplined or fired, … these high quotas mean that workers often resort to violent measures to keep the lines running, dismembering or skinning animals that are still struggling and kicking to stay alive. The meat produced under such conditions can become contaminated with faecal matter, filth, and other adulterants… making it dangerous for consumers.” Do we wonder about our own mental agitations and aggressive tendencies? Are we surprised by our own outbursts? Do we have any idea what we are absorbing? As for the Eskimos, evidently where they live, they have little choice. We have. During the ice age, humanity had very little choice. But when the ice receded, the Eskimos stayed with it, while other races developed agriculture and tilled the soil. However, the Eskimo has a special ritual with regard to the animal it is obliged to kill for food. Here is what an Iglulik Eskimo shaman has to say
:
“The greatest peril in life lies in the fact that [our] human food consists entirely of souls. All the creatures we kill and eat, all those that we have to strike down and destroy to make clothes for ourselves, have souls, souls that do not perish with the body and which must therefore be pacified lest they should revenge themselves on us for taking away their bodies.” They have rituals of contrition for hopefully placating the suddenly dispatched souls. Now, do we have such sensibilities concerning the millions of cows, pigs, sheep, rabbits, chickens and game birds that are daily murdered on our behalf? And do they have revengeful souls? I don’t know. That is not within my sphere of experience. Souls they do have, but even if not vengeful, it is certain that the daily mass murders spread the terror of slaughtered souls out into the mental atmosphere, or what I call the ‘psychesphere’ of the planet. No one is an island. We live in a spiritual continuum. Subliminally, we are affected, whether we are aware of it or not. Whichever way it is, it is worth thinking about. I have written a whole chapter in my book ‘Sharing the Quest’ called ‘On the Souls of Animals’ which is relevant to this subject. In any case, physiologically, we are not carnivores, but herbivores. We have the capacity to eat meat in extreme need, for survival. But we are not constructed for breaking it down and digesting it in the same way as carnivorous creatures. In nature, all meat-eating animals have sharp pointed teeth and jaws that chomp up and down for tearing flesh. All herbivores have flat molars and jaws that move from side to side, for crushing grains and plant food: just as we have. We have only a couple of vestigial canines. A carnivore has a very short bowel for speedily expelling the toxins in the meat. Herbivores have a very long bowel for breaking down and absorbing cellulose in plant food: just as we have. Meat rots in the long intestine and the bowels, and takes a long time to expel, increasing constipation, while putrefactive bacteria proliferate. |